msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-10-21 23:56+0600\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-10-21 23:46+0600\n"
"Last-Translator: Automatically generated\n"
"Language-Team: none\n"
"Language: ru\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n"
"%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n"
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(guide:link):5
msgid "/doc/en/man-guide.xml"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(guide:lang):5
msgid "en"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(title):6
msgid "Gentoo Man Guide"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(author:title):8
msgid "Author"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(mail:link):9
msgid "chriswhite@gentoo.org"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(mail):9
msgid "Chris White"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(abstract):12
msgid "This guide shows how to navigate man pages using man."
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(version):20
msgid "2"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(date):21
msgid "2006-06-18"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(title):24
msgid "Introduction"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(title):26
msgid "The man program"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(p):29
msgid ""
"Everyone at some point in their linux life has used it. \"It\" is the "
"man command. However, while the man program itself appears to be "
"rather simplistic in its construct, it has a few extra abilities than just "
"simply scrolling through the page. This document hopes to help shed some "
"light on these capabilities."
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(title):40
msgid "Man layout"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(p):43
msgid ""
"Man pages are mainly stored in the /usr/share/man directory. "
"However, as long as a man page is located in the MANPATH environment "
"variable, man will be able to pick it up. Gentoo will generally store "
"MANPATH variables in /etc/env.d. Within these "
"directories are some folders with the structure manX where X is the section "
"number. For example, a standard man layout might look like so:"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre:caption):52
msgid "Standard man structure"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre):52
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"\n"
"$ ls /usr/share/man | grep man\n"
"man0p\n"
"man1\n"
"man1p\n"
"man2\n"
"man3\n"
"man3p\n"
"man4\n"
"man5\n"
"man6\n"
"man7\n"
"man8\n"
"man9\n"
"mann\n"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(p):69
msgid ""
"The actual section numbering appears fairly standard. However, notice that "
"there is a mann and some man#p folders. The "
"following table lists the above man page directories and what is contained "
"within them:"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(th):77
msgid "Man Directory"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(th):78
msgid "Description"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):81
msgid "man0p"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):82
msgid ""
"The p here stands for POSIX, as with the other directories with p in "
"their names. Man pages in this directory describe the functionality of "
"various POSIX header files."
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):89
msgid "man1"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):90
msgid ""
"This section is for standard commands. Most programs will put their man "
"pages here, so this section tends to be the largest."
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):96
msgid "man1p"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):97
msgid ""
"This section describes the POSIX versions of the commands described in 1p. "
"Since it only describes basic commands, it is much smaller than man1."
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):103
msgid "man2"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):104
msgid "This section describes Linux kernel system calls."
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):107
msgid "man3"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):108
msgid "This section describes standard c library functions."
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):111
msgid "man4"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):112
msgid ""
"This section describes special devices. These devices are generally kernel "
"oriented, but Xorg-X11 has entries in here as well."
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):118
msgid "man5"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):119
msgid ""
"This section describes both the makeup of certain files and what files a "
"program uses. Those of you reading this document may be familiar with "
"references to man 5 portage for a description of the portage "
"file structure, and man 5 make.conf for make.conf makeup."
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):128
msgid "man6"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):129
msgid "This section introduces games and other special toys."
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):132
msgid "man7"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):133
msgid ""
"This section describes standards and other miscellaneous items. These "
"standards can include things such as charsets, SQL statements, ISO standards "
"and regular expressions."
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):140
msgid "man8"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):141
msgid ""
"This section describes administrative commands (those usually run by the "
"root user)."
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):147
msgid "man9"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):148
msgid ""
"This section is somewhat sparse, but is meant to contain documentation for "
"various parts of the kernel."
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):154
msgid "mann"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(ti):155
msgid ""
"This section is mainly used by Tcl/Tk. The n stands for new."
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(p):161
msgid ""
"While this is not an extensive and detailed list, it does cover the man "
"pages that most people will be interested in. However, sometimes you can "
"find out what a section does as easily as looking at this table. The next "
"chapter will look at using man to traverse this layout."
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(title):173
msgid "Working with the man layout"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(title):175
msgid "Browsing the man layout"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(p):178
msgid ""
"Now that we understand the man layout, we can begin to look it over for "
"commands. Sometimes we may need to narrow down what man page we want. The "
"first way would be addressing by section. To found out a description of a "
"section, once can use man section intro like so:"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre:caption):185
msgid "Using man intro to describe a section"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre):185
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"\n"
"$ man 3 intro\n"
"(Output slightly modified to fit the document properly)\n"
"INTRO(3) Linux Programmer's Manual INTRO(3)\n"
"\n"
"\n"
"\n"
"NAME\n"
" intro - Introduction to library functions\n"
"\n"
"DESCRIPTION\n"
" This chapter describes all library functions excluding the library\n"
" functions described in chapter 2, which implement system calls.\n"
" There are various function groups which can be identified by a\n"
" letter which is appended to the chapter number:\n"
"....\n"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(p):203
msgid ""
"Unfortunately, this doesn't always work! However, luckily for us there is "
"another way to search for commands that may return multiple results (such as "
"a library call and system command having the same name). To do so, we use "
"the -K parameter to man like so:"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre:caption):210
msgid "Using man -K to search by string"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre):210
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"\n"
"$ man -K sleep\n"
"/usr/share/man/man0p/time.h.0p.gz? [ynq] n\n"
"/usr/share/man/man0p/unistd.h.0p.gz? [ynq] n\n"
"/usr/share/man/man2/alarm.2.gz? [ynq] n\n"
"/usr/share/man/man2/pause.2.gz? [ynq] n\n"
"/usr/share/man/man2/futex.2.gz? [ynq] n\n"
"/usr/share/man/man2/nanosleep.2.gz? [ynq] y\n"
"/usr/share/man/man2/semop.2.gz? [ynq] q\n"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(p):221
msgid ""
"Sometimes the output may be a lot larger. In this case it might be better to "
"specify more specific keywords. Now that we know where to find the man page, "
"the next section will look at viewing the man page."
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(title):230
msgid "Viewing man pages"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(p):233
msgid ""
"Viewing man pages can be done in 2 ways, first is with man [man page name]"
". The second way is man [section] [man page name]. Let's take "
"bc for example. I can view either the first man page that comes up on "
"bc (which would be section 1, because it is the lowest section "
"containing a man page on bc):"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre:caption):241
msgid "Viewing the default man page"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre):241
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"\n"
"$ man bc\n"
"bc(1) bc(1)\n"
"\n"
"\n"
"NAME\n"
" bc - An arbitrary precision calculator language\n"
"...\n"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(p):251
msgid ""
"However, what if I want the POSIX version? Then I can use the second form:"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre:caption):255
msgid "Viewing a specific man page by section"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre):255
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"\n"
"$ man 1p bc\n"
"BC(P) POSIX Programmer's Manual BC(P)\n"
"\n"
"\n"
"NAME\n"
" bc - arbitrary-precision arithmetic language\n"
"...\n"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(p):265
msgid ""
"And the man page is displayed. Now that we have the man page up, it's time "
"to work with it. The next section will look at navigation and searching."
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(title):273
msgid "Navigating and searching man pages"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(p):276
msgid ""
"Navigating a man page is fairly simple. To move up and down line by line, "
"use the up and down arrow keys. To move up page by page, you can use the "
"page up and page down keys. Do however note that these navigation "
"instructions assume the environmental PAGER variable is set to use "
"the default pager, less. Less also has a few other commands for "
"navigation, but the arrow keys usually suffice:"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre:caption):285
msgid "Additional less navigation keys"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre):285
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"\n"
" e ^E j ^N CR * Forward one line (or N lines).\n"
" y ^Y k ^K ^P * Backward one line (or N lines).\n"
" f ^F ^V SPACE * Forward one window (or N lines).\n"
" b ^B ESC-v * Backward one window (or N lines).\n"
" z * Forward one window (and set window to N).\n"
" w * Backward one window (and set window to N).\n"
" ESC-SPACE * Forward one window, but don't stop at end-of-file.\n"
" d ^D * Forward one half-window (and set half-window to N).\n"
" u ^U * Backward one half-window (and set half-window to N).\n"
" ESC-) RightArrow * Left one half screen width (or N positions).\n"
" ESC-( LeftArrow * Right one half screen width (or N positions).\n"
" F Forward forever; like \"tail -f\".\n"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(p):300
msgid ""
"Searching, however, is more interesting. The two most basic searches are /"
"pattern and ?pattern. The first version searches forwards, and "
"the second searches backwards. pattern is a regular expression "
"pattern that is described in man 7 regex. Let's take for example "
"searching for the -D option to emerge. First, bring up the "
"emerge man page:"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre:caption):308
msgid "Bringing up the emerge man page"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre):308
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"\n"
"$ man emerge\n"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(p):312
msgid ""
"Then, at the screen, press the / key to bring up the entry prompt to "
"search forwards and enter in our search pattern:"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre:caption):317
msgid "Bringing up the forward search prompt"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre):317
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"\n"
" gracefully handles updating installed packages to newer releases as well.\n"
" It handles both source and binary packages, and it can be used to create\n"
" binary packages for distribution.\n"
"\n"
"EBUILDS, TBZ2S, CLASSES AND DEPENDENCIES\n"
"/\\-D\n"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(note):326
msgid ""
"The \\ is done to escape the - sign, which would normally be "
"used as part of a regular expression."
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(p):331
msgid "This will search the man page, and bring the searched item into focus:"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre:caption):335
msgid "Forward search results"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre):335
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"\n"
" --deep (-D)\n"
" When used in conjunction with --update, this flag forces emerge to consider the entire\n"
" dependency tree of packages, instead of checking only the immediate dependencies of\n"
" the packages. As an example, this catches updates in libraries that are not directly\n"
" listed in the dependencies of a package.\n"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(p):343
msgid ""
"If you hit a search result by accident and want to continue searching for "
"the same results, simply press the / key again, and press enter (i.e. "
"don't put a pattern it). This will cause the search to default to the last "
"pattern used. Now with some man pages, options are listed, then explained "
"later on. Take the man 5 portage man page. It lists the files used, "
"then explains their usage. Searching forward a few times would return the "
"results, but there's an easier way to handle this, with the second search "
"form, backwards searching. Let's use this to find the description on "
"package.unmask. First, bring up man 5 portage:"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre:caption):355
msgid "Bringing up the man 5 portage man page"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre):355
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"\n"
"$ man 5 portage\n"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(p):359
msgid "Now press SHIFT+g. This will bring you to the end of the page:"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre:caption):363
msgid "End of the man page after SHIFT+g"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre):363
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"\n"
"SEE ALSO\n"
" emerge(1), ebuild(1), ebuild(5), make.conf(5)\n"
"\n"
"Portage 2.0.51 Jan 2004 PORTAGE(5)\n"
"lines 418-442/442 (END)\n"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(p):371
msgid ""
"Now we'll go ahead and enter the pattern to search for with the ?pattern"
"c> backwards search option. First press the ? key to bring up the "
"prompt, and then enter in package.unmask, our query:"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre:caption):377
msgid "Specifying our search"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre):377
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"\n"
"SEE ALSO\n"
" emerge(1), ebuild(1), ebuild(5), make.conf(5)\n"
"\n"
"Portage 2.0.51 Jan 2004 PORTAGE(5)\n"
"?package.unmask\n"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(p):385
msgid "Then hit enter to bring up the result:"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre:caption):389
msgid "Our search result"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(pre):389
#, no-wrap
msgid ""
"\n"
" package.unmask\n"
" Just like package.mask above, except here you list packages you want to unmask.\n"
" Useful for overriding the global package.mask file (see below). Note that\n"
" this does not override packages that are masked via KEYWORDS.\n"
"...\n"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(p):397
msgid ""
"And the search is complete! Note that just as with /, using ? "
"search with no pattern will use the last pattern to search."
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(title):405
msgid "Conclusion"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(p):408
msgid ""
"This concludes the man guide. This will hopefully shed some light on "
"navigating man pages, and maybe even give a few new tips to the more "
"experienced users. For those who prefer alternate means of navigating man "
"pages, the following are also available:"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(li):416
msgid "app-text/man2html - a program for converting man pages to html"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(li):417
msgid "app-text/tkman - a tk based man page browser"
msgstr ""
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(p):420
msgid ""
"Also the KDE web browser Konqueror can browse man pages using "
"the man: syntax in the address bar."
msgstr ""
#. Place here names of translator, one per line. Format should be NAME; ROLE; E-MAIL
#: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//man-guide.xml(None):0
msgid "translator-credits"
msgstr ""