# Azamat H. Hackimov , 2010. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2010-10-21 23:56+0600\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2010-02-09 01:05+0500\n" "Last-Translator: Azamat H. Hackimov \n" "Language-Team: Russian \n" "Language: ru\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n%10==1 && n%100!=11 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n" "%10<=4 && (n%100<10 || n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n" "X-Generator: Lokalize 1.0\n" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(title):6 msgid "Gentoo System Monitoring with Nagios" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(author:title):8 msgid "Author" msgstr "автор" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(mail:link):9 msgid "swift@gentoo.org" msgstr "swift@gentoo.org" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(mail):9 msgid "Sven Vermeulen" msgstr "Sven Vermeulen" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(abstract):12 msgid "" "For system and network monitoring, the Nagios tool is a popular choice " "amongst various free software users. This guide helps you discover Nagios " "and how you can integrate it with your existing Gentoo infrastructure." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(version):20 msgid "2" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(date):21 #, fuzzy msgid "2010-03-02" msgstr "2008-07-06" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(title):24 #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(title):225 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "Введение" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(title):26 msgid "System Monitoring" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):29 msgid "" "Single system users usually don't need a tool to help them identify the " "state of their system. However, when you have a couple of systems to " "administer, you will require an overview of your systems' health: do the " "partitions still have sufficient free space, is your CPU not overloaded, how " "many people are logged on, are your systems up to date with the latest " "security fixes, etc." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):37 msgid "" "System monitoring tools, such as the Nagios software we discuss here, offer " "an easy way of dealing with the majority of metrics you want to know about " "your system. In larger environments, often called \"enterprise environments" "\", the tools aggregate the metrics of the various systems onto a single " "location, allowing for centralized monitoring management." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(title):48 msgid "About Nagios" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):51 msgid "" "The Nagios software is a popular " "software tool for host, service and network monitoring for Unix (although it " "can also capture metrics from the Microsoft Windows operating system " "family). It supports:" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(li):59 msgid "" "obtaining metrics for local system resources, such as diskspace, CPU usage, " "memory consumption, ..." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(li):63 msgid "" "discovering service availability (such as SSH, SMTP and other protocols)," msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(li):66 msgid "" "assuming network outages (when a group of systems that are known to be " "available on a network are all unreachable)," msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):72 msgid "and more." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):76 msgid "" "Basically, the Nagios software consists of a core tool (which manages the " "metrics), a web server module (which manages displaying the metrics) and a " "set of plugins (which obtain and send the metrics to the core tool)." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(title):85 msgid "About this Document" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):88 msgid "" "The primary purpose of this document is to introduce you, Gentoo users, to " "the Nagios software and how you can integrate it within your Gentoo " "environment. The guide is not meant to describe Nagios in great detail - I " "leave this up to the documentation editors of Nagios itself." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(title):99 msgid "Setting Up Nagios" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(title):101 #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(pre:caption):121 msgid "Installing Nagios" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):104 msgid "" "Before you start installing Nagios, draw out and decide which system will " "become your master Nagios system (i.e. where the Nagios software is fully " "installed upon and where all metrics are stored) and what kind of metrics " "you want to obtain. You will not install Nagios on every system you want to " "monitor, but rather install Nagios on the master system and the TODO on the " "systems you want to receive metrics from." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):113 msgid "Install the Nagios software on your central server:" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(warn):117 msgid "" "Nagios 3 is currently still ~arch masked, so you first need to unmask it." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(pre):121 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "# emerge nagios\n" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):125 msgid "" "Follow the instructions the ebuild displays at the end of the installation " "(i.e. adding nagios to your active runlevel, configuring web server " "read access and more)." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):131 msgid "Really. Read it." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(title):140 msgid "Restricting Access to the Nagios Web Interface" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):143 msgid "" "The Nagios web interface allows for executing commands on the various " "systems monitored by the Nagios plugins. For this purpose (and also because " "the metrics can have sensitive information) it is best to restrict access to " "the interface." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):149 msgid "" "For this purpose, we introduce two access restrictions: one on IP level " "(from what systems can a user connect to the interface) and a basic " "authentication one (using the username / password scheme)." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):155 msgid "" "First, edit /etc/apache2/modules/99_nagios3.conf and edit the " "allow from definitions:" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(pre:caption):160 msgid "Allow from definitions" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(pre):160 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "(Example allowing access from the local host and the local network)\n" "Order allow,deny\n" "Allow from 127.0.0.1 192.168.1.1/24\n" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):166 msgid "" "Next, create an Apache authorization table where you define the users who " "have access to the interface as well as their authorizations. The " "authentication definition file is called .htaccess and contains " "where the authentication information itself is stored." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(pre:caption):173 msgid "Example .htaccess file" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(pre):173 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "AuthName \"Nagios Access\"\n" "AuthType Basic\n" "AuthUserFile /etc/nagios/auth.users\n" "Require valid-user\n" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):180 msgid "" "Place this file inside the /usr/share/nagios/htdocs and /" "usr/lib/nagios/cgi-bin directories." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):185 msgid "" "Create the /etc/nagios/auth.users file with the necessary user " "credentials. By default, the Gentoo nagios ebuild defines a single user " "called nagiosadmin. Let's create that user first:" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(pre:caption):191 msgid "Creating the nagiosadmin user" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(pre):191 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "# htpasswd2 -c /etc/nagios/auth.users nagiosadmin\n" "(Apache needs read access to auth.users)\n" "# chown nagios:nagios /etc/nagios/auth.users\n" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(title):200 msgid "Accessing Nagios" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):203 msgid "" "Once Nagios and its dependencies are installed, fire up Apache and Nagios:" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(pre:caption):207 msgid "Starting the services" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(pre):207 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "# /etc/init.d/nagios start\n" "# /etc/init.d/apache2 start\n" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):212 msgid "" "Next, fire up your browser and connect to http://localhost/nagios. Log on as the nagiosadmin user and " "navigate to the Host Detail page. You should be able to see the " "monitoring states for the local system." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(title):223 msgid "Installing Client Daemons" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):228 msgid "There are various methods available to monitor remote hosts." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(li):233 msgid "" "Use the NRPE daemon on the remote host and have Nagios communicate to " "this daemon using the check_nrpe plugin" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(li):237 msgid "Use a password-less SSH connection to execute the command remotely" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(li):240 msgid "Trap SNMP events and create Nagios alerts from it" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):245 msgid "" "We focus on using the NRPE method as it is the most popular one and leave " "the other methods as an interesting excercise." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(title):253 msgid "Installing NRPE" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):256 msgid "" "With NRPE, each remote host runs a daemon (the NRPE deamon) which allows the " "main Nagios system to query for certain metrics. One can run the NRPE daemon " "by itself or use an inetd program. I'll leave the inetd method as a nice " "exercise to the reader and give an example for running NRPE by itself." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):263 msgid "First install the NRPE plugin:" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(pre:caption):267 msgid "Installing the NRPE plugin" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(pre):267 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "# emerge nagios-nrpe\n" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):271 msgid "" "Next, edit /etc/nagios/nrpe.cfg to allow your main Nagios " "system to access the NRPE daemon and customize the installation to your " "liking. Another important change to the nrpe.cfg file is the " "list of commands that NRPE supports. For instance, to use nagios-nrpe " "version 2.12 with Nagios 3, you'll need to change the paths from /usr/" "nagios/libexec to /usr/lib/nagios/plugins. Finally, " "launch the NRPE daemon:" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(pre:caption):280 msgid "Launching the NRPE daemon" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(pre):280 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "# /etc/init.d/nrpe start\n" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):284 msgid "" "Finally, we need to configure the main Nagios system to connect to this " "particular NRPE instance and request the necessary metrics. To introduce you " "to Nagios' object syntax, our next section will cover this a bit more " "throroughly." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(title):293 msgid "Configuring a Remote Host" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(note):296 msgid "" "The following hands-on tutorial is an example, used to introduce the user to " "Nagios' object model. Do not see this as the \"Best Practice\" for " "configuring Nagios." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):302 msgid "" "First, edit /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg and place a cfg_dir " "directive. This will tell Nagios to read in all object configuration files " "in the said directory - in our example, the directory will contain the " "definitions for remote systems." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(pre:caption):309 msgid "Editing /etc/nagios/nagios.cfg" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(pre):309 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "cfg_dir=/etc/nagios/objects/remote\n" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):313 msgid "" "Create the directory and start with the first file, nrpe-command.cfg. In this file, we configure a Nagios command called check_nrpe " "which will be used to trigger a plugin (identified by the placeholder " "$ARG1$) on the remote system (identified by the placeholder " "$HOSTADDRESS$). The $USER1$ variable is a default pointer to the " "Nagios installation directory (for instance, /usr/nagios/libexec)." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(pre:caption):323 msgid "Defining the check_nrpe command" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(pre):323 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "# nano /etc/nagios/objects/remote/nrpe-command.cfg\n" "\n" "define command {\n" " command_name check_nrpe\n" " command_line $USER1$/check_nrpe -H $HOSTADDRESS$ -c $ARG1$\n" "}\n" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):332 msgid "" "Next, create a file nrpe-hosts.cfg where we define the remote " "host(s) to monitor. In this example, we define two remote systems:" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(pre:caption):337 msgid "Defining two remote hosts" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(pre):337 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "# nano /etc/nagios/objects/remote/nrpe-hosts.cfg\n" "\n" "define host {\n" " use linux-server\n" " host_name webber\n" " alias Gentoo Linux Web Server\n" " address 192.168.2.1\n" "}\n" "\n" "define host {\n" " use linux-server\n" " host_name isync\n" " alias Gentoo Linux RSync server\n" " address 192.168.2.2\n" "}\n" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):355 msgid "" "Finally, define the service(s) you want to check on these hosts. As a prime " "example, we run the system load test and disk usage plugins:" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(pre:caption):360 msgid "Define the services to check" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(pre):360 #, no-wrap msgid "" "\n" "# nano /etc/nagios/objects/remote/nrpe-services.cfg\n" "\n" "define service {\n" " use generic-service\n" " host_name webber,isync\n" " service_description Current Load\n" " check_command check_nrpe!check_load\n" "}\n" "\n" "define service {\n" " use generic-service\n" " host_name webber,isync\n" " service_description Root Partition\n" " check_command check_nrpe!check_disk\n" "}\n" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):378 msgid "" "That's it. If you now check the service details on the Nagions monitoring " "site you'll see that the remote hosts are connected and are transmitting " "their monitoring metrics to the Nagios server." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(title):387 msgid "Using Passwordless SSH Connection" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):390 msgid "" "Just as we did by creating the check_nrpe command, we can create a " "command that executes a command remotely through a passwordless SSH " "connection. We leave this up as an interesting exercise to the reader." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):396 msgid "A few pointers and tips:" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(li):401 msgid "" "Make sure the passwordless SSH connection is set up for a dedicated user " "(definitely not root) - most checks you want to execute do not need root " "privileges anyway" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(li):406 msgid "" "Creating a passwordless SSH key can be accomplished with ssh-keygen, " "you install a key on the destination system by adding the public key to the " ".ssh/authorized_keys file" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(title):417 msgid "More Resources" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(title):419 msgid "Adding Gentoo Checks" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(p):422 msgid "" "It is quite easy to extend Nagios to include Gentoo-specific checks, such as " "security checks (GLSAs). Gentoo developer Wolfram Schlich has a " "check_glsa.sh script available amongst others." msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(title):433 msgid "Nagios Resources" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(li):437 msgid "http://www.nagios.org, the official Nagios website" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(li):440 msgid "" "http://www.nagiosexchange.org, where you can find Nagios plugins " "and addons" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(li):444 msgid "" "http://www.nagiosforge.org, where developers host Nagios addon " "projects" msgstr "" #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(li):448 msgid "" "http://www.nagioswiki.org, for more information and tutorials on " "Nagios" msgstr "" #. Place here names of translator, one per line. Format should be NAME; ROLE; E-MAIL #: ../../gentoo/xml/htdocs/doc/en//nagios-guide.xml(None):0 msgid "translator-credits" msgstr ""